Grand Unification at the Cosmological Collider with Chemical Potential

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel chemical potential mechanism for detecting massive spin-1 particles in primordial non-Gaussianities, linking grand unification theories with cosmological collider physics and suggesting observable signals in future surveys.

Contribution

It introduces a tree-level chemical potential mechanism for spin-1 particles in cosmological collider physics, applicable to grand unification models like trinification, and predicts observable signals at high-scale inflation.

Findings

Chemical potential enhances detection prospects for massive vector particles.

Unification partners predicted at around 10^15 GeV.

Potential for observable signals in future cosmological surveys.

Abstract

We introduce a tree-level chemical potential mechanism for spin-1 particles within cosmological collider physics, allowing them to be detected in primordial non-Gaussianities for masses above the inflationary Hubble scale. We apply this mechanism to orbifold grand unification and the massive unification partners of the standard model gauge bosons. Our mechanism requires at least a pair of massive vector fields which are singlets of the standard model, a condition which is satisfied in the classic "trinification" scenario. Assuming that the gauge hierarchy problem is solved by supersymmetry, gauge coupling running points to unification partners at ~ $10^{15}$ GeV. We show that, within high-scale inflation, chemical potential enhancement can lead to observably strong signals for trinification partners in future cosmological surveys.