Disorder enhanced exciton transport and quantum information spreading with the assistance of cavity QED

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that coupling molecular systems to a cavity can counteract disorder-induced localization, enhancing exciton transport and quantum information spreading through cavity-mediated jumping, which can outperform traditional homogeneous systems.

Contribution

It introduces a novel theoretical approach where cavity coupling mitigates disorder effects, enabling efficient long-range transport via cavity-mediated channels.

Findings

Disorder can enhance transport efficiency in cavity-coupled systems.

Cavity-mediated jumping provides an alternative transport pathway.

Disordered systems can outperform homogeneous ones in certain conditions.

Abstract

Molecular materials have been studied as a potential platform for highly efficient transport such as exciton transport and quantum information spreading. However, one detrimental factor to transport efficiency is the inherent disorder of the molecular system, where site-to-site hopping is suppressed by Anderson localization. Here we theoretically report a novel approach to eliminate the negative impact of disorder by strongly coupling the system to a cavity, where the cavity photon bridges spatially separated sites and builds an additional transport channel, cavity-mediated jumping. Our analysis of the open quantum system dynamics shows in terms of long-range transport, the two channels hold a competitive relation. When disorder suppresses site-to-site hopping, transport occurs mainly through cavity-mediated jumping in disguise. Therefore, with the assistance of the cavity, disorder in certain ranges can enhance transport and certain disordered systems can even be more efficient for transport than the homogeneous system. These results provide insight into the design of next-generation materials for exciton transport and quantum information spreading by leveraging hybrid light-matter states.