Unitary description of the Jaynes-Cummings model under fractional-time dynamics

TL;DR

This paper explores the fractional-time Jaynes-Cummings model, demonstrating how unitary evolution can be maintained through a time-dependent metric, and analyzes its effects on atomic population and entanglement.

Contribution

It introduces a unitary description of the fractional-time Jaynes-Cummings model using a time-dependent metric, extending standard quantum dynamics to fractional scenarios.

Findings

Fractional-order parameter affects atomic inversion dynamics

Entanglement behavior is modified under fractional-time evolution

Unitary evolution is achievable via a time-dependent metric in fractional quantum systems

Abstract

The time-evolution operator corresponding to the fractional-time Schr\"odinger equation is nonunitary because it fails to preserve the norm of the vector state in the course of its evolution. However, in the context of the time-dependent non-Hermitian quantum formalism applied to the time-fractional dynamics, it has been demonstrated that a unitary evolution can be achieved for a traceless two-level Hamiltonian. This is accomplished by considering a dynamical Hilbert space embedding a time-dependent metric operator concerning which the system unitarily evolves in time. This allows for a suitable description of a quantum system consistent with the standard quantum mechanical principles. In this work, we investigate the Jaynes-Cummings model in the fractional-time scenario taking into account the fractional-order parameter $\alpha$ and its effect in unitary quantum dynamics. We analyze the well-known dynamical properties, such as the atomic population inversion and the atom-field entanglement, when the atom starts in its excited state and the field in a coherent state.