Many-Body Dephasing by Hole Motion in a Spin-Orbit-Coupled Mott Insulator

TL;DR

This study investigates how hole motion causes many-body dephasing in spin-orbit-coupled Mott insulators, revealing an intrinsic decoherence mechanism unaffected by spin echo, explained by a model of hardcore bosons.

Contribution

It demonstrates a novel dephasing mechanism in spin-orbit-coupled Mott insulators and provides a quantitative model explaining the experimental observations.

Findings

Observation of many-body dephasing immune to spin echo

Identification of hole motion as the dephasing source

Quantitative agreement with a hardcore boson model

Abstract

We use Ramsey interferometry to study spin dynamics in the strongly interacting regime of spin-orbit-coupled quantum gases in one-dimensional optical lattices. We observe an intrinsic many-body dephasing mechanism immune to spin-echo in two-component Mott insulators. We ascribe the dephasing to the motion of hole-like defects in an otherwise inert Mott insulator, the spinless nature of the holes explaining the ineffectiveness of spin echo to restore it. We show that a model of spin-orbit-coupled hardcore bosons can explain quantitatively our experimental observations.