Localized performance of riblets with curved cross-sectional profiles in boundary layers past finite length bodies

TL;DR

This study investigates how curved riblet profiles affect local boundary layer behavior and drag reduction on finite-sized bodies in fluid flows, revealing potential for combined friction and pressure drag reduction.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the local effects of curved riblets on boundary layers and drag components on finite bodies, extending understanding beyond idealized infinite or periodic models.

Findings

Achieved up to 6% total drag reduction.

Identified the relationship between shear stress distribution and drag components.

Demonstrated the impact of riblet shape on local boundary layer characteristics.

Abstract

Riblets are a well-known passive drag reduction technique with the potential for as much as 9% reduction in the frictional drag force in laboratory settings, and proven benefits for large scale aircraft. However, less information is available on the applicability of these textures for smaller air/waterborne vehicles where assumptions such as periodicity and/or asymptotic nature of the boundary layer no longer apply and the shape of the bodies of these vehicles can give rise to moderate levels of pressure drag. Here, we explore the effect of riblets on both sides of a finite-size foil consisting of a streamlined leading edge and a flat body. We use high resolution two-dimensional, two-component particle image velocimetry, with a double illumination and consecutive-overlapping imaging technique to capture the velocity field in both the boundary layer and the far field. We find the local velocity profiles and shear stress distribution, as well as the frictional and pressure components of the drag force and show the possibility of achieving reduction in both the fictional and pressure components of the drag force and record cumulative drag reduction as much as 6%. We present the intertwined relationship between the distribution of the spanwise-averaged shear stress distribution, the characteristics of the velocity profiles, and the pressure distribution around the body, and how the local distribution of these parameters work together or against each other in enhancing or diminishing the drag-reducing ability of the riblets for the entirety of the body of interest.