Pairing transitions in a Binary Bose Gas

TL;DR

This paper investigates phase transitions in a binary Bose gas, revealing a sequence of states including normal, BCS pairing, mixture, and BEC, with a detailed phase diagram and experimental insights.

Contribution

It presents the first theoretical analysis of BCS pairing transitions in a binary Bose gas with specific intra- and inter-species interactions.

Findings

Identification of a phase transition from normal to BCS state above BEC temperature.

Discovery of a transition from BCS to mixture state with atomic BEC and pairs as temperature decreases.

Construction of a phase diagram illustrating the sequence of states and transitions.

Abstract

The stable Bardeen-Schrieffer-Cooper (BCS) pairing state of a bosonic system has long been sought theoretically and experimentally. Here we study the BCS state of a binary Bose gas with $s$-wave intra-species repulsions and an inter-species attraction in the mean-field-stable region. We find that above the Bose-Einstein-Condensation (BEC) transtion temperature, there is a phase transtion from the normal state to the BCS state due to inter-species pairing. When the temperature decreases, another phase transtion from the BCS state to the mixture state with both atomic BEC and inter-species pairs occurs. As the temperature is further lowered, the mixuture state is taken over by the BEC state. The phase diagram of this system is presented and experimental implications are discussed.