An unexpected property of $\mathbf{g}$-vectors for rank 3 mutation-cyclic quivers

TL;DR

This paper reveals a surprising quadratic relation satisfied by the -vectors of rank 3 mutation-cyclic quivers, linking them to the structure of quivers obtained through mutation, extending known properties of -vectors.

Contribution

It demonstrates that -vectors of rank 3 mutation-cyclic quivers satisfy a quadratic equation involving a mutated quiver, a novel property not previously known.

Findings

-vectors satisfy a quadratic equation involving the original quiver.

-vectors also satisfy a quadratic equation involving a mutated quiver.

The property extends known quadratic relations for -vectors of acyclic quivers.

Abstract

Let $Q$ be a rank 3 mutation-cyclic quiver. It is known that every $\mathbf{c}$-vector of $Q$ is a solution to a quadratic equation of the form $$\sum_{i=1}^3 x_i^2 + \sum_{1\leq i<j\leq 3} \pm q_{ij} x_i x_j =1,$$where $q_{ij}$ is the number of arrows between the vertices $i$ and $j$ in $Q$. A similar property holds for $\mathbf{c}$-vectors of any acyclic quiver. In this paper, we show that $\mathbf{g}$-vectors of $Q$ enjoy an unexpected property. More precisely, every $\mathbf{g}$-vector of $Q$ is a solution to a quadratic equation of the form $$\sum_{i=1}^3 x_i^2 + \sum_{1\leq i<j\leq 3} p_{ij} x_i x_j =1,$$where $p_{ij}$ is the number of arrows between the vertices $i$ and $j$ in another quiver $P$ obtained by mutating $Q$.