The Dilemma of Electricity Grid Expansion Planning in Areas at the Risk of Wildfire

TL;DR

This paper develops a robust optimization framework for power system expansion planning under wildfire risk, balancing grid reliability, solar integration, and safety measures over a decade.

Contribution

It introduces a two-stage robust optimization model incorporating wildfire risk into expansion planning, optimizing line modifications, solar deployment, and de-energization strategies.

Findings

Effective in balancing safety and power supply reliability.

Demonstrates the model's applicability on 6- and 118-bus systems.

Quantifies the impact of wildfire risk on system operation and costs.

Abstract

The utilities consider public safety power shut-offs imperative for the mitigation of wildfire risk. This paper presents expansion planning of power system under fire hazard weather conditions. The power lines are quantified based on the risk of fire ignition. A 10-year expansion planning scenario is discussed to supply power to customers by considering three decision variables: distributed solar generation; modification of existing power lines; addition of new lines. Two-stage robust optimization problem is formulated and solved using Column-and-Constraint Generation Algorithm to find improved balance among de-energization of customers, distributed solar generation, modification of power lines, and addition of new lines. It involves lines de-energization of high wildfire risk regions and serving the customers by integrating distributed solar generation. The impact of de-energization of lines on distributed solar generation is assessed. The number of hours each line is energized and total load shedding during a 10-year period is evaluated. Different uncertainty levels for system demand and solar energy integration are considered to find the impact on the total operation cost of the system. The effectiveness of the presented algorithm is evaluated on 6- and 118-bus systems.