Dimensional confinement and superdiffusive rotational motion of uniaxial colloids in the presence of cylindrical obstacles

TL;DR

This study investigates how anisotropic spheroidal particles diffuse in a crowded environment with cylindrical obstacles, revealing dimensional confinement, alignment behaviors, and superdiffusive rotational motion in different phases.

Contribution

The paper provides analytical and simulation insights into the diffusion and orientation of spheroidal particles near cylindrical obstacles, highlighting confinement effects and superdiffusive rotational dynamics.

Findings

Dimensional confinement observed when spheroids can only diffuse along the cylinder axis.

Rotational diffusion quickly reaches bulk value in isotropic phase, but is arrested in nematic phase.

Superdiffusive rotational motion occurs near obstacles despite persistent orientational correlations.

Abstract

In biological system like cell the macromolecules which are anisotropic particles diffuse in a crowded medium. In the present work we have studied the diffusion of spheroidal particles diffusing between cylindrical obstacles by varying the density of the obstacles as well as the spheroidal particles. Analytical calculation of the free energy showed that the orientational vector of a single oblate particle will be aligned perpendicular and a prolate particle will be aligned parallel to the symmetry axis of the cylindrical obstacles in equilibrium. The nematic transition of the system with and without obstacle remained the same, but in the case of obstacles the nematic vector of the spheroid system always remained parallel to the cylindrical axis. The component of the translational diffusion coefficient of the spheroidal particle perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder is calculated for isotropic system which agrees with analytical calculation. When the cylinders overlap such that the spheroidal particles can only diffuse along the direction parallel to the axis of the cylinder we could observe dimensional confinement. This was observed by the discontinuous fall of the diffusion coefficient, when plotted against the chemical potential both for single particle as well as for finite volume fraction. The rotational diffusion coefficient quickly reached the bulk value as the distance between the obstacle increased in the isotropic phase. In the nematic phase the rotational motion of the spheroid should be arrested. We observed that even though the entire system remained in the nematic phase the oblate particle close to the cylinder underwent flipping motion. The consequence is that when the rotational mean squared displacement was calculated it showed a super-diffusive behavior even though the orientational self correlation function never relaxed to zero.