Application of Kaluza-Klein Theory in Modeling Compact Stars: Exploring Extra Dimensions

TL;DR

This paper develops a theoretical model using Kaluza-Klein extra dimensions to predict the mass-radius relationship of compact stars, aligning with observations and setting limits on extra dimension size.

Contribution

It introduces a novel multidimensional framework for modeling compact stars, incorporating extra dimensions and a new equation of state with a repulsive potential.

Findings

Maximal star mass matches observational data

Provides a size limit for extra dimensions in stars

Demonstrates feasibility of realistic star modeling with extra dimensions

Abstract

A theoretical framework for calculating the mass-radius curve of compact stars in the Kaluza-Klein space-time is introduced, with one additional compact spatial dimension. Static, spherically symmetric solutions are considered, with the equation of state provided by a zero temperature, interacting multidimensional Fermi gas. To model the strong force between baryons, a repulsive potential is introduced, which is linear in the particle number density. The maximal mass of compact stars is calculated for different model parameters, and with a physical parameter choice, it satisfies observational data, meaning that it is possible to model simple, realistic objects within this framework. Based on this comparison, a limiting size for the observational regime of extra dimensions in compact stars is provided, with $r_c \gtrsim 0.2$~fm.