Traces of Quantum Gravity Effects at Late time Cosmological Dynamics via Distance Measures

TL;DR

This paper explores how quantum gravity effects, modeled through an Extended Uncertainty Principle, can explain late-time cosmic acceleration and transition to a phantom phase without dark energy or modified gravity, using distance measures.

Contribution

It introduces a novel framework applying EUP to cosmology, deriving modified Friedmann equations, and explaining late-time acceleration without dark energy.

Findings

EUP predicts late-time cosmic acceleration.

EUP allows transition to phantom phase without dark energy.

Negative deformation parameter aligns with de Sitter universe.

Abstract

Inspired by the entropy-area relation of black hole thermodynamics, we study the thermodynamics of cosmological apparent horizon in a spatially flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe in the framework of an Extended Uncertainty Principle (EUP). The adopted EUP naturally admits a minimal measurable momentum (equivalently a maximal measurable length), as an infrared cutoff in the theory. We derive the modified Friedmann equations in this setup and explore some predictions of these equations for the late time universe via distance measures. We show that in this framework it is possible to realize the late time cosmic speed-up and transition to the phantom phase of the equation of state parameter of the effective cosmic fluid without recourse to any dark energy component or modified gravity. Inspection of various distance measures in this framework shows that an EUP with a negative deformation parameter suffices for the interpretation of the late time asymptotically de Sitter universe with standard non-relativistic matter.