One other parameterization of SU(4) group

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel parameterization of the SU(4) group using a specific algebra decomposition, enabling a new coordinate chart with explicit geometric structure.

Contribution

It presents a unique algebra decomposition of su(4) and derives a factorization of SU(4) elements, providing a detailed coordinate system for the group manifold.

Findings

Decomposition of su(4) into orthogonal subspaces

Factorization of SU(4) elements into specific subgroups

Coordinate chart with 6 and 9 parameters related to geometric structures

Abstract

We propose a special decomposition of the Lie $\mathfrak{su}(4)$ algebra into the direct sum of orthogonal subspaces, $\mathfrak{su}(4)=\mathfrak{k}\oplus\mathfrak{a}\oplus\mathfrak{a}^\prime\oplus\mathfrak{t}\,,$ with $\mathfrak{k}=\mathfrak{su}(2)\oplus\mathfrak{su}(2)$ and a triplet of 3-dimensional Abelian subalgebras $(\mathfrak{a}, \mathfrak{a}^{\prime}, \mathfrak{t})\,,$ such that the exponential mapping of a neighbourhood of the $0\in \mathfrak{su}(4)$ into a neighbourhood of the identity of the Lie group provides the following factorization of an element of $SU(4)$ \[ g = k\,a\,t\,, \] where $k \in \exp{(\mathfrak{k})} = SU(2)\times SU(2) \subset SU(4)\,,$ the diagonal matrix $t$ stands for an element from the maximal torus $T^3=\exp{(\mathfrak{t})},$ and the factor $a=\exp{(\mathfrak{a})}\exp{(\mathfrak{a}^\prime)}$ corresponds to a point in the double coset $SU(2)\times SU(2)\backslash SU(4)/T^3.$ Analyzing the uniqueness of the inverse of the above exponential mappings, we establish a logarithmic coordinate chart of the $SU(4)$ group manifold comprising 6 coordinates on the embedded manifold $ SU(2)\times SU(2) \subset SU(4)$ and 9 coordinates on three copies of the regular octahedron with the edge length $2\pi\sqrt{2}\,$.