Shock Wave Interaction with a Naturally Generated Vortex Ring

TL;DR

This study models the interaction between compressible vortex rings generated by pulse jets and shock waves at higher Mach numbers, analyzing resulting acoustic and hydrodynamic disturbances through advanced simulations.

Contribution

It introduces a compressible vortex ring model for shock interaction analysis, overcoming the limitations of incompressible models at higher Mach numbers.

Findings

Strong vortex-shock interactions observed at higher Mach numbers

Generated acoustic waves vary with shock Mach number

Compressible vortex dynamics differ significantly from incompressible models

Abstract

The vortex ring is usually analytically modelled in computational studies involving vortex ring and shock wave interaction. However, incompressibility assumptions of the isolated vortex ring model mostly limits its applicability to the lower Mach number regime. To overcome this limitation, a compressible vortex ring is generated using a pulse jet exiting a circular nozzle, and its interaction with a shock wave is analysed. The shock vortex interaction and resulting sound wave generation is simulated by solving the compressible axisymmetric Navier-Stokes equations. A characteristics-based filter is used to isolate acoustic and hydrodynamic disturbances in the flow-field. A reconfigured computational domain is used to negate the after-effects of the nozzle on the flow field. The strong interaction of compressible vortex rings at higher Mach numbers with different shock wave Mach numbers in the flow field is studied including resultant acoustic wave generation.