The MUSE Beamline Calorimeter

TL;DR

The paper discusses the design, calibration, and performance of a lead-glass calorimeter used in the MUSE experiment to measure electron-proton and muon-proton scattering, aiding in resolving the proton radius puzzle.

Contribution

It presents the specifications, calibration procedures, and performance validation of the calorimeter, demonstrating its effectiveness for high-precision scattering measurements in MUSE.

Findings

Calorimeter performance matches simulations accurately.

The detector meets the experimental requirements for MUSE.

Calibration procedures ensure precise energy measurements.

Abstract

The MUon Scattering Experiment (MUSE) was motivated by the proton radius puzzle arising from the discrepancy between muonic hydrogen spectroscopy and electron-proton measurements. The MUSE physics goals also include testing lepton universality, precisely measuring two-photon exchange contribution, and testing radiative corrections. MUSE addresses these physics goals through simultaneous measurement of high precision cross sections for electron-proton and muon-proton scattering using a mixed-species beam. The experiment will run at both positive and negative beam polarities. Measuring precise cross sections requires understanding both the incident beam energy and the radiative corrections. For this purpose, a lead-glass calorimeter was installed at the end of the beam line in the MUSE detector system. In this article we discuss the detector specifications, calibration and performance. We demonstrate that the detector performance is well reproduced by simulation, and meets experimental requirements.