Characterization of a gaseous time projection chamber with an internal \ce{^{37}Ar} source

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new internal calibration method for gaseous detectors using 47Ar, improving key performance metrics like energy resolution and gain uniformity in a Micromegas-based TPC.

Contribution

The study demonstrates a novel internal calibration technique with 47Ar for gaseous TPCs, enabling rapid and uniform calibration of detector parameters.

Findings

Energy resolution improved from 44.9% to 35.4% at 7 bar pressure.

Gain uniformity calibration enhances detector homogeneity.

Internal 47Ar source effectively characterizes electric field distortions.

Abstract

We report on a novel calibration method of gaseous detectors using an internal \ce{^{37}Ar} source. The \ce{^{37}Ar} is a fast-decaying and low-energy calibration source that provides a mono-energetic peak of 2.82 keV. A gaseous \ce{^{37}Ar} source is injected and uniformly distributed in a Micromegas-based gaseous time projection chamber (TPC). Key performance parameters of the detector, such as electron transmission, gain, energy resolution, gain uniformity, and drift field evolution, are effectively and quickly calibrated. The gain uniformity, related to the homogeneity of the avalanche gap of Micromegas, is calibrated quickly thanks to the event-by-event position reconstruction and quasi-point energy deposition of \ce{^{37}Ar}. The energy resolution is improved with the obtained gain uniformity map. The most noticeable improvement in energy resolution, from 44.9\% to 35.4\%, is observed at a working pressure of 7 bar. The internal calibration source is also used to characterize the dependence of the detector's electric field distortion on the drift field.