Optimal Replenishment Strategy for Satellite Constellation with Dual Supply Modes

TL;DR

This paper introduces an innovative inventory management model for satellite constellation replenishment, integrating dual supply modes and optimization techniques to improve efficiency and decision-making for space industry stakeholders.

Contribution

It presents a new dual supply mode inventory model and optimization framework for satellite replenishment, considering indirect and direct supply channels in satellite mega-constellations.

Findings

Effective replenishment policies identified for satellite supply chains.

Model demonstrates improved decision-making for operators and launch providers.

Case study confirms practical applicability and benefits of the proposed approach.

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel inventory management model for the replenishment strategy of a satellite mega-constellation incorporating dual supply modes: normal and auxiliary. The proposed framework employs an indirect channel for normal supply, wherein spare satellites are initially injected into a parking orbit before transferring to the target orbital plane via propulsion systems and orbital perturbations. Conversely, the auxiliary supply mode utilizes a direct channel, injecting spare satellites immediately into their designated orbital planes. The inventory management model is constructed using parametric replenishment policies: $\left(s,Q\right)$ and $\left(R_1,R_2,Q_1,Q_2\right)$ with a time window. Following this model, two optimization problems are addressed to construct the supply chain for satellite mega-constellation replenishment and to evaluate its performance. These are decision-making contexts from the perspectives of constellation operators and launch service providers. The case study showcases the practical applicability of the proposed model and optimization problems, yielding valuable insights for stakeholders in the spaceborne industry.