Next-Generation Satellite IoT Networks: A HAPS-Enabled Solution to Enhance Optical Data Transfer

TL;DR

This paper proposes a HAPS-enabled optical data transfer system for satellite IoT networks, aiming to improve data transmission reliability and capacity amid weather challenges using delay-tolerant networking.

Contribution

It introduces a novel HAPS-based architecture combined with delay-tolerant networking to enhance satellite IoT data transfer efficiency over traditional ground station setups.

Findings

Increased delivery ratio compared to traditional systems

Reduced buffer occupancy under adverse weather conditions

Potential for scalable high-bandwidth satellite IoT communication

Abstract

For decades, satellites have facilitated remote internet of things (IoT) services. However, the recent proliferation of increasingly capable sensors and a surge in the number deployed, has led to a substantial growth in the volume of data that needs to be transmitted via satellites. In response to this growing demand, free space optical communication systems have been proposed, as they allow for the use of large bandwidths of unlicensed spectrum, enabling high data rates. However, optical communications are highly vulnerable to weather-induced disruptions, thereby limiting their high potential. This paper proposes the use of high altitude platform station (HAPS) systems in conjunction with delay-tolerant networking techniques to increase the amount of data that can be transmitted to the ground from satellites when compared to the use of traditional ground station network architectures. The architectural proposal is evaluated in terms of delivery ratio and buffer occupancy, and the subsequent discussion analyzes the advantages, challenges and potential areas for future research.