Quantum Vortices in Curved Geometries

TL;DR

This paper explores how curved geometries influence quantum vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates, revealing effects on vortex dynamics, creation methods, and potential applications in quantum technologies.

Contribution

It synthesizes recent findings on quantum vortices in curved geometries, highlighting new insights into vortex behavior, control methods, and implications for quantum devices.

Findings

Curvature significantly affects condensate density and phase.

Engineered transport enables controlled vortex movement.

Curved geometries impact vortex dynamics in Josephson junctions.

Abstract

The control over the geometry and topology of quantum systems is crucial for advancing novel quantum technologies. This work provides a synthesis of recent insights into the behaviour of quantum vortices within atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) subject to curved geometric constraints. We highlight the significant impact of the curvature on the condensate density and phase distribution, particularly in quasi-one-dimensional waveguides for different angular momentum states. An engineered periodic transport of the quantized vorticity between density-coupled ring-shaped condensates is discussed. The significant role of curved geometry in shaping the dynamics of rotational Josephson vortices in long atomic Josephson junctions is illustrated for the system of vertically stacked toroidal condensates. Different methods for the controlled creation of rotational Josephson vortices in coupled ring systems are described in the context of the formation of long-lived vortex configurations in shell-shaped BECs with cylindrical geometry. Future directions of explorations of vortices in curved geometries with implications for quantum information processing and sensing technologies are discussed.