Spin-orbit coupling effects in single-layer phosphorene

TL;DR

This paper investigates the spin-orbit coupling effects in monolayer phosphorene using a multiorbital tight-binding model, providing analytical expressions and insights into anisotropic electronic and spin transport properties.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed multiorbital model capturing SOC effects in phosphorene, including analytical formulas for Rashba and intrinsic SOC parameters.

Findings

SOC effects are crucial at the S-point for accurate band structure description.

Inclusion of px and s orbitals is essential for modeling SOC in phosphorene.

Analytical expressions for SOC parameters and interband dipole strengths are provided.

Abstract

The electronic band structure of monolayer phosphorene is thoroughly studied by considering the presence of spin-orbit interaction. We employ a multiorbital Slater-Koster tight-binding approach to derive effective k.p-type Hamiltonians that describes the dominant spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effects of the Rashba and intrinsic origin at the high {\Gamma} and S high symmetry points in phosphorene. In the absence of SOC effects a minimal admixture of pz and py atomic orbitals suffices to reproduce the well known anisotropy of highest valence and the lowest conduction bands at the {\Gamma}-point, consistent with density functional theory (DFT) and k.p methods. In contrast, the inclusion of the px and s atomic orbitals are rather crucial for an adequate description of the SOC effects in phosphorene at low energies, particularly at the S-point. We introduce useful analytical expressions for the Rashba and intrinsic SOC parameters in terms of the relevant Slater-Koster integrals. In addition, we report simple formulas for the interband dipole-strenghts, revealing the nature of the strong anisotropic behavior of its lower bands. Our findings can be useful for further studies of electronic and spin transport properties in monolayer phosphorene and its nanoribbons.