Development and Characterization of a Novel BaTiO3-Based Material for Medium Temperature Applications

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new BaTiO3-based PTC material capable of functioning effectively at medium temperatures around 353°C, with high PTC strength, low resistivity, and excellent cycle stability for aerospace applications.

Contribution

The study develops a novel medium-temperature PTC material with enhanced properties and demonstrates its suitability for aerospace preheating and engine initiation.

Findings

High PTC strength of 5.8 at room temperature

Low resistivity of 590 Ω·cm at room temperature

Excellent repeatability after 30 heating-cooling cycles

Abstract

Positive temperature coefficient (PTC) materials are extensively utilized in self-regulating temperature applications. Nonetheless, their applicability is typically constrained to low-temperature ranges, rendering them ineffective in medium temperature environments. This study presents a methodology for the fabrication of an innovative PTC material operational at approximately 353~{\deg}C, with a thorough investigation of its Curie temperature and resistivity properties. The material formulation incorporates 4~wt\% carbon black (CB), 0.5~wt\% NBT, and 5~wt\% DOP into a BaTiO$_3$-based matrix. The empirical findings reveal that this material exhibits a notably high PTC strength of 5.8 and a comparatively low resistivity of 590~$\Omega\cdot$cm at room temperature. Furthermore, the material demonstrated excellent repeatability in PTC strength after thirty cycles of heating and cooling near the Curie temperature. Consequently, this PTC material is deemed highly effective for applications in cold environments, notably for the preheating and initiation of aircraft engines and auxiliary power units (APUs).