AirChain: A Novel Blockchain Framework and Low-Cost Device for Democratized Air Quality Data Aggregation

TL;DR

AirChain introduces a blockchain-based framework utilizing low-cost sensors and microcontrollers to improve ground-level air quality data reporting, addressing issues of centralization, cost, and accuracy in existing systems.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel blockchain framework and prototype system that enables decentralized, affordable, and more accurate air quality data collection using microcontrollers and low-cost sensors.

Findings

Effective demonstration of low-cost sensors with blockchain for air quality data

Reduction in reliance on central authorities for data reporting

Improved accuracy and reliability of air pollution measurements

Abstract

Air pollutant exposure kills over 6,700,000 people it per annum, yet there remains a systemic lack of accurate ground level data reporting the concentrations of the leading causes of such fatalities. Ambient particulate matter is a primary driver of this effect. Namely, PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10.0 display a systemic lack of accurate and high-definition reporting. This project suggests and implements a prototype for a distributed and low cost model for reporting such data and designs a novel framework in order to remedy three main shortfalls of previously implemented systems. First, their central operation and distribution, and therefore their requirement of trust in a central governing body. Second, their requirement of the purchase of comparatively high-cost devices for ordinary consumers. Finally, their high degree of error and accordingly low functional certainty. This project explores the creation of AirChain, a prototype system utilizing blockchain technology that will demonstrate the effectiveness of low-cost sensors when paired with simple microcontroller devices.