Certain aspects of prestack deconvolution

TL;DR

This paper explores advanced methods for prestack deconvolution in seismic data processing, focusing on variable convolution effects across different domains and deriving formulas for surface multiple periods to improve velocity analysis.

Contribution

It introduces improved deconvolution techniques in the $ au$-$p$ domain considering variable convolution and derives formulas for surface multiple periods based on $p$ values.

Findings

Derived formulas for surface multiple periods in $ au$-$p$ domain.

Proposed methods to better deconvolve data considering variable convolution.

Analyzed periodicity of two-way surface multiples.

Abstract

In a previous paper, we had shown that because of varying angles of incidence there is a varying degree of convolution down a trace and across a gather, necessitating deconvolution operators varying with time and offset. This idea is examined further in $t$-$x$ as well as $\tau$-$p$ domain. We suggest better ways to deconvolve data in $\tau$-$p$ domain, taking into account varying degree of convolution in this domain. We derive formulae for periods of surface multiples in $\tau$-$p$ domain, e.g., water column peg-legs and reverberations, which have a fixed period depending only on the value of $p$ -- and suggest a way to check/revise the picked velocity using the formulae, provided the multiples are well separated from the primary. Periodicity of two way surface multiples is also studied.