ARVO: Atlas of Reproducible Vulnerabilities for Open Source Software

TL;DR

ARVO is a comprehensive, automatically-updated dataset of over 5,000 reproducible memory vulnerabilities in open-source C/C++ projects, enabling advanced security research and vulnerability analysis.

Contribution

The paper introduces ARVO, a large-scale, reproducible vulnerability dataset with automated updates, improving over prior datasets in size, accuracy, and features for security research.

Findings

ARVO reproduces over 5,000 vulnerabilities across 250+ projects.

It surpasses Google's OSV in locating fixes more accurately.

Demonstrates usefulness in vulnerability repair and zero-day detection case studies.

Abstract

High-quality datasets of real-world vulnerabilities are enormously valuable for downstream research in software security, but existing datasets are typically small, require extensive manual effort to update, and are missing crucial features that such research needs. In this paper, we introduce ARVO: an Atlas of Reproducible Vulnerabilities in Open-source software. By sourcing vulnerabilities from C/C++ projects that Google's OSS-Fuzz discovered and implementing a reliable re-compilation system, we successfully reproduce more than 5,000 memory vulnerabilities across over 250 projects, each with a triggering input, the canonical developer-written patch for fixing the vulnerability, and the ability to automatically rebuild the project from source and run it at its vulnerable and patched revisions. Moreover, our dataset can be automatically updated as OSS-Fuzz finds new vulnerabilities, allowing it to grow over time. We provide a thorough characterization of the ARVO dataset, show that it can locate fixes more accurately than Google's own OSV reproduction effort, and demonstrate its value for future research through two case studies: firstly evaluating real-world LLM-based vulnerability repair, and secondly identifying over 300 falsely patched (still-active) zero-day vulnerabilities from projects improperly labeled by OSS-Fuzz.