Emergent $s$-wave interactions in orbitally active quasi-two-dimensional Fermi gases

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates how gapped orbital degrees of freedom in a quasi-two-dimensional Fermi gas lead to emergent s-wave interactions near a p-wave Feshbach resonance, with observable signatures and controllable dimer formation.

Contribution

It reveals the emergence of s-wave interactions due to orbital effects in a confined Fermi gas and demonstrates control over scattering symmetries.

Findings

Observation of power-law scaling in rf spectroscopy.

Identification of two types of low-energy dimers.

Evidence of dimensional crossover in interactions.

Abstract

We investigate the scattering properties and bound states of a quasi-two-dimensional (q2D) spin-polarized Fermi gas near a $p$-wave Feshbach resonance. Strong confinement promotes the out-of-plane spatial wave functions to a discrete, gapped orbital degree of freedom. Exchange-antisymmetric orbital pair wave functions are predicted to give rise to low-energy q2D interactions with $s$-wave symmetry. Using radiofrequency (rf) spectroscopy, we observe the signature power-law scaling and the dimensional-crossover feature anticipated for the emergent $s$-wave channel. Additionally, we demonstrate that two types of low-energy dimers, with either $s$-wave and $p$-wave symmetry, could be formed via rf spin-flip association from an orbital mixture. These findings illustrate how gapped orbital degrees of freedom can provide additional control over scattering symmetries in strongly confined ultracold gases.