Quantum repeater protocol for deterministic distribution of macroscopic entanglement

TL;DR

This paper introduces a deterministic quantum repeater protocol that efficiently distributes macroscopic entanglement over long distances using linear scaling operations, enabling high-fidelity entanglement without degradation over chain length.

Contribution

The authors propose a novel quantum repeater scheme that distributes large-scale entanglement deterministically with linear resource scaling and perfect fidelity at specific interaction times.

Findings

Enables distribution of macroscopic entanglement across long distances.

Achieves perfect fidelity at specific 'magic' interaction times.

Operates deterministically with local measurements and corrections.

Abstract

Distributing long-distance entanglement is a fundamental goal that is necessary for a variety of tasks such as quantum communication, distributed quantum computing, and quantum metrology. Currently quantum repeater schemes typically aim to distribute one ebit at a time, the equivalent of one Bell pair's worth of entanglement. Here we present a method to distribute a macroscopic amount of entanglement across long-distances using a number of operations that scales only linearly with the chain length. The scheme involves ensembles of qubits and entangling them with an $S^z S^z$ interaction, which can be realized using atomic gas ensembles coupled by a shared optical mode. Using only local measurements on the intermediate ensembles, this leaves the ensembles at the ends of the chain entangled. We show that there are particular ``magic'' interaction times that allow for distribution of entanglement with perfect fidelity, with no degradation with chain length. The scheme is deterministic, such that with suitable local conditional unitary corrections, the same entangled state can always be prepared with good approximation.