Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of a Superconducting Szilard Engine

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a superconducting Szilard engine using coupled quantum flux circuits, showing high thermodynamic efficiency and potential for experimental exploration of information thermodynamics.

Contribution

It introduces a superconducting implementation of a Szilard engine with detailed simulations and practical design solutions for real-world challenges.

Findings

High thermodynamic efficiency in simulation

Design solutions for fabrication asymmetries

Potential for experimental investigation of thermodynamics

Abstract

We implement a Szilard engine using a 2-bit logical unit consisting of inductively coupled quantum flux parametrons (QFPs) -- Josephson-junction superconducting circuits with applications in both the classical and quantum information processing regimes. Detailed simulations show that it is highly thermodynamically efficient while functioning as a Maxwell demon -- converting heat to work. The physically-calibrated design is targeted to direct experimental exploration. However, variations in Josephson junction fabrication introduce asymmetries that result in energy inefficiency and low operational fidelity. We provide a design solution that mitigates these practical challenges. The resulting platform is ideally suited to probe the thermodynamic foundations of information processing devices far from equilibrium.