Radiance Fields for Robotic Teleoperation

TL;DR

This paper introduces online radiance field techniques for robotic teleoperation, enabling high-fidelity, photorealistic scene visualization that improves maneuverability and integration with existing robotic systems.

Contribution

It presents the first online training of radiance fields from live data, supporting multiple methods and providing a VR visualization suite for robotic teleoperation.

Findings

Radiance fields outperform mesh reconstruction in visual quality.

The system is compatible with multiple robots and configurations.

User studies favor radiance field visualizations over traditional methods.

Abstract

Radiance field methods such as Neural Radiance Fields (NeRFs) or 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS), have revolutionized graphics and novel view synthesis. Their ability to synthesize new viewpoints with photo-realistic quality, as well as capture complex volumetric and specular scenes, makes them an ideal visualization for robotic teleoperation setups. Direct camera teleoperation provides high-fidelity operation at the cost of maneuverability, while reconstruction-based approaches offer controllable scenes with lower fidelity. With this in mind, we propose replacing the traditional reconstruction-visualization components of the robotic teleoperation pipeline with online Radiance Fields, offering highly maneuverable scenes with photorealistic quality. As such, there are three main contributions to state of the art: (1) online training of Radiance Fields using live data from multiple cameras, (2) support for a variety of radiance methods including NeRF and 3DGS, (3) visualization suite for these methods including a virtual reality scene. To enable seamless integration with existing setups, these components were tested with multiple robots in multiple configurations and were displayed using traditional tools as well as the VR headset. The results across methods and robots were compared quantitatively to a baseline of mesh reconstruction, and a user study was conducted to compare the different visualization methods. For videos and code, check out https://rffr.leggedrobotics.com/works/teleoperation/.