Giant anisotropic magnetoresistance in few-layer {\alpha}-RuCl3 tunnel junctions

TL;DR

This study reveals giant anisotropic magnetoresistance in ultrathin -RuCl3 tunnel junctions, demonstrating strong spin interactions and magnetic order changes with potential for exploring quantum spin liquids.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed angle-dependent tunneling magnetoresistance measurements on few-layer -RuCl3, linking stacking order, magnetic phases, and anisotropic spin interactions.

Findings

Giant resistance change (~2500%) with magnetic field rotation.

Few-layer -RuCl3 remains monoclinic at low temperature.

Presence of zigzag antiferromagnetic order below 14 K.

Abstract

The spin-orbit assisted Mott insulator $\alpha$-RuCl3 is proximate to the coveted quantum spin liquid (QSL) predicted by the Kitaev model. In the search for the pure Kitaev QSL, reducing the dimensionality of this frustrated magnet by exfoliation has been proposed as a way to enhance magnetic fluctuations and Kitaev interactions. Here, we perform angle-dependent tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) measurements on ultrathin $\alpha$-RuCl3 crystals with various layer numbers to probe their magnetic, electronic and crystal structure. We observe a giant change in resistance - as large as ~2500% - when the magnetic field rotates either within or out of the $\alpha$-RuCl3 plane, a manifestation of the strongly anisotropic spin interactions in this material. In combination with scanning transmission electron microscopy, this tunneling anisotropic magnetoresistance (TAMR) reveals that few-layer $\alpha$-RuCl3 crystals remain in the high-temperature monoclinic phase at low temperature. It also shows the presence of a zigzag antiferromagnetic order below the critical temperature TN ~ 14 K, which is twice the one typically observed in bulk samples with rhombohedral stacking. Our work offers valuable insights into the relation between the stacking order and magnetic properties of this material, which helps lay the groundwork for creating and electrically probing exotic magnetic phases like QSLs via van der Waals engineering.