Model-driven Heart Rate Estimation and Heart Murmur Detection based on Phonocardiogram

TL;DR

This paper presents a model-driven approach using 2D CNNs for accurate heart rate estimation and murmur detection from phonocardiogram signals, demonstrating high accuracy and improved performance over existing methods.

Contribution

It introduces a multi-task learning framework combining heart rate estimation and murmur detection using acoustic features, achieving state-of-the-art results.

Findings

2D CNN achieves MAE of 1.312 bpm for heart rate estimation.

MTL model attains over 95% accuracy in murmur detection.

Utilizing all four acoustic features improves model performance.

Abstract

Acoustic signals are crucial for health monitoring, particularly heart sounds which provide essential data like heart rate and detect cardiac anomalies such as murmurs. This study utilizes a publicly available phonocardiogram (PCG) dataset to estimate heart rate using model-driven methods and extends the best-performing model to a multi-task learning (MTL) framework for simultaneous heart rate estimation and murmur detection. Heart rate estimates are derived using a sliding window technique on heart sound snippets, analyzed with a combination of acoustic features (Mel spectrogram, cepstral coefficients, power spectral density, root mean square energy). Our findings indicate that a 2D convolutional neural network (\textbf{\texttt{2dCNN}}) is most effective for heart rate estimation, achieving a mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.312 bpm. We systematically investigate the impact of different feature combinations and find that utilizing all four features yields the best results. The MTL model (\textbf{\texttt{2dCNN-MTL}}) achieves accuracy over 95% in murmur detection, surpassing existing models, while maintaining an MAE of 1.636 bpm in heart rate estimation, satisfying the requirements stated by Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI).