Measurement of muon flux behind the beam dump of the J-PARC Hadron Experimental Facility

TL;DR

This study measures muon flux behind J-PARC's beam dump using a compact detector, providing data to improve shielding calculations and support future rare decay experiments.

Contribution

It introduces a novel compact muon detector and provides empirical flux measurements behind the beam dump for the first time.

Findings

Muon flux distribution peaks at beam level

Flux agrees with Monte-Carlo simulations beyond 1 m from axis

Data aids in shielding and signal-loss evaluations

Abstract

A muon-flux measurement behind the beam dump of the J-PARC Hadron Experimental Facility was performed with a compact muon detector that can be inserted into a vertical observing hole with 81 mm in diameter which was dug underground. The detector consists of 12 plastic scintillation strips with a length of 80 mm each, which are arranged with cylindrical shape and contained inside an aluminum housing with an outer diameter of 75 mm. A silicon photomultiplier is coupled to the end of each strip to collect the scintillating light. The flux of the muons penetrating the beam dump was scanned vertically at intervals of 0.5 m, showing a wide distribution with a maximum at the beam level. The muon flux was consistent with the expectation from a Monte-Carlo simulation at more than 1 m away from the beam axis, which is expected to be used for signal-loss evaluation in the future KOTO II experiment for measuring rare kaon decays. The data can also be used in improving the accuracy of shielding calculations in the radiation protection.