FMDNN: A Fuzzy-guided Multi-granular Deep Neural Network for Histopathological Image Classification

TL;DR

The paper introduces FMDNN, a multi-granular deep neural network guided by fuzzy logic, designed to improve histopathological image classification by capturing multi-scale features and reducing redundant information.

Contribution

It proposes a novel fuzzy-guided multi-granular neural network that mimics pathologists' multi-scale analysis, enhancing feature extraction and classification accuracy in histopathological images.

Findings

Significant accuracy improvement over existing methods.

Enhanced interpretability of the classification process.

Robustness to variations in histopathological images.

Abstract

Histopathological image classification constitutes a pivotal task in computer-aided diagnostics. The precise identification and categorization of histopathological images are of paramount significance for early disease detection and treatment. In the diagnostic process of pathologists, a multi-tiered approach is typically employed to assess abnormalities in cell regions at different magnifications. However, feature extraction is often performed at a single granularity, overlooking the multi-granular characteristics of cells. To address this issue, we propose the Fuzzy-guided Multi-granularity Deep Neural Network (FMDNN). Inspired by the multi-granular diagnostic approach of pathologists, we perform feature extraction on cell structures at coarse, medium, and fine granularity, enabling the model to fully harness the information in histopathological images. We incorporate the theory of fuzzy logic to address the challenge of redundant key information arising during multi-granular feature extraction. Cell features are described from different perspectives using multiple fuzzy membership functions, which are fused to create universal fuzzy features. A fuzzy-guided cross-attention module guides universal fuzzy features toward multi-granular features. We propagate these features through an encoder to all patch tokens, aiming to achieve enhanced classification accuracy and robustness. In experiments on multiple public datasets, our model exhibits a significant improvement in accuracy over commonly used classification methods for histopathological image classification and shows commendable interpretability.