Fast radio bursts as precursor radio emission from monster shocks

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates through simulations that monster shocks in magnetar magnetospheres can generate GHz precursor radio waves via synchrotron maser instability, potentially explaining fast radio bursts.

Contribution

It is the first to show that high-frequency precursor waves from monster shocks can produce observable fast radio bursts in magnetar environments.

Findings

Monster shocks dissipate about half of the wave energy.

High-frequency precursor waves with GHz spectra are generated.

Precursor waves carry about 0.1% of the dissipated shock energy.

Abstract

It has been proposed recently that the breaking of MHD waves in the inner magnetosphere of strongly magnetized neutron stars can power different types of high-energy transients. Motivated by these considerations, we study the steepening and dissipation of a strongly magnetized fast magnetosonic wave propagating in a declining background magnetic field, by means of particle-in-cell simulations that encompass MHD scales. Our analysis confirms the formation of a monster shock as $B^2-E^2 \to 0$, that dissipates about half of the fast magnetosonic wave energy. It also reveals, for the first time, the generation of a high-frequency precursor wave by a synchrotron maser instability at the monster shock front, carrying a fraction of $\sim 10^{-3}$ of the total energy dissipated at the shock. The spectrum of the precursor wave exhibits several sharp harmonic peaks, with frequencies in the GHz band under conditions anticipated in magnetars. Such signals may appear as fast radio bursts.