How does the velocity anisotropy of halo stars, dark matter and satellite galaxies depend on host halo properties?

TL;DR

This study examines how the velocity anisotropy profiles of halo stars, dark matter, and subhalos depend on host halo mass and concentration using IllustrisTNG simulations, revealing different radial behaviors influenced by baryons and stripping processes.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of the dependencies of velocity anisotropy on halo properties and offers a fitting formula for the difference between star and dark matter anisotropies.

Findings

Velocity anisotropy becomes more radial beyond a critical radius, increasing with halo mass.

Halo stars are more radial than dark matter, which is more radial than subhalos.

Dark matter in baryonic simulations is more isotropic than in dark matter only runs.

Abstract

We investigate the mass ($M_{200}$) and concentration ($c_{200}$) dependencies of the velocity anisotropy ($\beta$) profiles for different components in the dark matter halo, including halo stars, dark matter and subhalos, using systems from the IllustrisTNG simulations. Beyond a critical radius, $\beta$ becomes more radial with the increase of $M_{200}$, reflecting more prominent radial accretion around massive halos. The critical radius is $r\sim r_s$, $0.3~r_s$ and $r_s$ for halo stars, dark matter and subhalos, with $r_s$ the scale radius of host halos. This dependence on $M_{200}$ is the strongest for subhalos, and the weakest for halo stars. In central regions, $\beta$ of halo stars and dark matter particles gets more isotropic with the increase of $M_{200}$ in TNG300 due to baryons. By contrast, $\beta$ of dark matter from the dark matter only TNG300-Dark run shows much weaker dependence on $M_{200}$ within $r_s$. Dark matter in TNG300 is slightly more isotropic than in TNG300-Dark at $0.2~r_s<r<10~r_s$ and $\log_{10}M_{200}/M_\odot<13.8$. Halo stars and dark matter also become more radial with the increase in $c_{200}$, at fixed $M_{200}$. Halo stars are more radial than the $\beta$ profile of dark matter by approximately a constant beyond $r_s$. Dark matter particles are more radial than subhalos. The differences can be understood as subhalos on more radial orbits are easier to get stripped, contributing more stars and dark matter to the diffuse components. We provide a fitting formula to the difference between the $\beta$ of halo stars and of dark matter at $r>r_s$ as $\beta_\mathrm{star}-\beta_\mathrm{DM}=(-0.028 \pm 0.008)\log_{10}M_{200}/M_\odot + (0.690\pm0.010)$.