Gluing together Quantum Field Theory and Quantum Mechanics: a look at the Bell-CHSH inequality

TL;DR

This paper explores the Bell-CHSH inequality in a relativistic quantum field context, constructing field-dependent operators, deriving the correlation function, and analyzing quantum corrections due to field-qubit interactions.

Contribution

It introduces a novel framework combining quantum field theory and quantum mechanics to analyze Bell inequalities, including perturbative corrections from field-qubit interactions.

Findings

Bell-CHSH correlation function derived from Weyl operators

Quantum corrections to Bell inequality calculated up to second order

Framework unifies quantum field and quantum mechanical approaches

Abstract

The Bell-CHSH inequality in the vacuum state of a relativistic scalar quantum field is revisited by making use of the Hilbert space ${\cal H} \otimes {\cal H}_{AB}$, where ${\cal H}$ and ${\cal H}_{AB}$ stand, respectively, for the Hilbert space of the scalar field and of a generic bipartite quantum mechanical system. The construction of Hermitian, field-dependent, dichotomic operators is devised as well as the Bell-CHSH inequality. Working out the $AB$ part of the inequality, the resulting Bell-CHSH correlation function for the quantum field naturally emerges from unitary Weyl operators. Furthermore, introducing a Jaynes-Cummings type Hamiltonian accounting for the interaction between the scalar field and a pair of qubits, the quantum corrections to the Bell-CHSH inequality in the vacuum state of the scalar field are evaluated till the second order in perturbation theory.