Stability and decay of composite kinks/$Q$-balls solutions in a deformed $O(2N+1)$ linear sigma model

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the stability and decay of composite kink and Q-ball solutions in a deformed $O(2N+1)$ linear sigma model, providing analytical solutions for the N=2 case and exploring their properties and stability.

Contribution

It presents the first analytical solutions for composite kink/Q-ball solutions in a deformed $O(2N+1)$ sigma model and examines their stability and decay channels.

Findings

Analytical solutions for N=2 case found.

Identification of simple and composite solitons.

Analysis of stability and decay channels.

Abstract

The defect-type solutions of a deformed $O(2N+1)$ linear sigma model with a real and $N$ complex fields in $(1+1)$-dimensional Minkowski spacetime are studied. All the solutions are analytically found for the $N=2$ case. Two types of solitons have been determined: (a) Simple solutions formed by a topological kink with or without the presence of a $Q$-ball. (b) Composite solutions. They are constituted by some one-parameter families of solutions which can be understood as a non-linear combination of simple solutions. The properties of all of those solutions and the analysis of their linear stability, as well as decay channels, are discussed.