OpenPSG: Open-set Panoptic Scene Graph Generation via Large Multimodal Models

TL;DR

This paper introduces OpenPSG, a novel approach leveraging large multimodal models for open-set panoptic scene graph generation, enabling relation prediction beyond predefined categories in complex images.

Contribution

It proposes the first open-set PSG task and develops a relation query transformer with autoregressive generation for open-set relation prediction.

Findings

Achieves state-of-the-art performance in open-set relation prediction.

Effectively filters irrelevant object pairs to improve prediction efficiency.

Demonstrates the feasibility of open-set PSG with large multimodal models.

Abstract

Panoptic Scene Graph Generation (PSG) aims to segment objects and recognize their relations, enabling the structured understanding of an image. Previous methods focus on predicting predefined object and relation categories, hence limiting their applications in the open world scenarios. With the rapid development of large multimodal models (LMMs), significant progress has been made in open-set object detection and segmentation, yet open-set relation prediction in PSG remains unexplored. In this paper, we focus on the task of open-set relation prediction integrated with a pretrained open-set panoptic segmentation model to achieve true open-set panoptic scene graph generation (OpenPSG). Our OpenPSG leverages LMMs to achieve open-set relation prediction in an autoregressive manner. We introduce a relation query transformer to efficiently extract visual features of object pairs and estimate the existence of relations between them. The latter can enhance the prediction efficiency by filtering irrelevant pairs. Finally, we design the generation and judgement instructions to perform open-set relation prediction in PSG autoregressively. To our knowledge, we are the first to propose the open-set PSG task. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance in open-set relation prediction and panoptic scene graph generation. Code is available at \url{https://github.com/franciszzj/OpenPSG}.