Superradiance from Nitrogen Vacancy Centers Coupled to An Ultranarrow Optical Cavity

TL;DR

This paper provides a detailed theoretical analysis of superradiance phenomena in nitrogen-vacancy centers coupled to an ultranarrow optical cavity, explaining experimental signatures and guiding future research on collective emission effects.

Contribution

It advances the understanding of superradiance in NV centers by modeling phenomena like Rabi splitting and population dynamics, extending previous simple models.

Findings

Observation of bunching shoulders in correlation functions

Identification of Rabi splitting in steady-state spectra

Explanation of population dynamics on Dicke states

Abstract

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have been successfully coupled to various optical structures to enhance their radiation by the Purcell effect. The participation of many NV centers in these studies may naturally lead to cooperative emission and superradiance, and our recent experimental study with a diamond membrane in a fiber-based ultra-narrow optical cavity demonstrated nonlinear radiation power and fast photon bunching which are signatures of such collective effects. In this theoretical article, we go beyond the simple model used in the previous study to address more phenomena, such as the appearance of bunching shoulders in the second-order correlation function, Rabi splitting in the steady-state spectrum, and population dynamics on excited Dicke states, which for moderate pumping explains the observed collective effects. Overall, our results can guide further experiments with NV centers, and they are also relevant for other solid-state color centers, such as silicon-vacancy centers in diamond and silicon carbide, boron-vacancy centers and carbon-related centers in hexagonal boron-nitride.