Ellis wormhole with nonlinear electromagnetic field

TL;DR

This paper constructs a spherically symmetric Ellis wormhole model with nonlinear electromagnetic fields, analyzing its energy conditions, mass properties, light ring behavior, and geometric structure.

Contribution

It introduces a novel wormhole solution coupled with nonlinear electromagnetic fields and explores its physical and observational properties.

Findings

Violates Null Energy Condition (NEC)

Mass changes from positive to negative with parameters

Unique light ring behavior with negative mass

Abstract

In this paper, we present the spherically symmetric wormhole in Einstein's gravity coupling phantom field and nonlinear electromagnetic field. Numerical results show that this solution violates the Null Energy Condition (NEC), and as the parameters change, the ADM mass of the entire spacetime changes from positive to negative. In addition, we analyze the light ring (LR) of the solution and demonstrate the astronomical observation properties. Especially when negative mass appears, the general LR will not appear, only a ``special unstable LR" exists at the throat, which is caused by the repulsive effect of the negative mass on both sides of the wormhole. Finally, we draw the embedding diagram to reflect the geometric characteristics of the wormhole.