Unconventional Spin-Orbit Torques from Sputtered MoTe2 Films

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that sputtered 1T' MoTe2 films can generate large unconventional spin-orbit torques, offering a promising route for magnetic switching without external magnetic fields.

Contribution

It reports the first observation of unconventional spin-orbit torques in sputtered MoTe2/Permalloy heterostructures and explores how crystallographic order and film thickness influence these torques.

Findings

Unconventional in-plane field-like and out-of-plane damping-like torques observed.

Crystallographic order and MoTe2 thickness affect the magnitude of SOTs.

Tensile strain in sputtered MoTe2 may enhance torque generation.

Abstract

Materials with strong spin-orbit coupling and low crystalline symmetry are promising for generating large unconventional spin-orbit torques (SOTs), such as in-plane field-like (FL) torques and out-of-plane damping-like (DL) torques, which can effectively manipulate and deterministically switch an out-of-plane magnetization without the need for additional external in-plane magnetic fields. Here, we report SOTs generated by magnetron-sputtered 1T' MoTe2/Permalloy (Py; Ni80Fe20)/MgO heterostructures using both spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) and second harmonic Hall measurements. We observed unconventional FL and DL torques in our samples due to spins polarized normal to the interface of MoTe2 and Py layers, and studied the influence of crystallographic order and MoTe2 layer thickness on the SOTs. By comparing the Raman spectra of 1T' MoTe2 samples prepared in different ways, we found a tensile strain in sputtered MoTe2 films, which might further enhance the generation of unconventional torques by reducing the symmetry of 1T' MoTe2.