Collision energy dependence of elliptic flow of identified hadrons in heavy-ion collisions using the PHSD model

TL;DR

This paper predicts the elliptic flow of identified hadrons in heavy-ion collisions at various energies using the PHSD model, highlighting energy and centrality dependencies and providing insights for upcoming experiments at FAIR and NICA.

Contribution

First predictions of hadron elliptic flow at multiple energies using the PHSD model, including centrality and energy dependence analysis relevant for future experimental data.

Findings

Elliptic flow shows energy and centrality dependence.

NCQ scaling approximately holds across energies.

Predictions aid interpretation of upcoming CBM and MPD data.

Abstract

We report the first predictions of elliptic flow ($v_2$) of identified hadrons at mid-rapidity ($|y| <$ 1.0) in Au+Au collisions at $E_{lab} =$ 6.7, 8, 11, and 25 A GeV using the Parton Hadron String Dynamics (PHSD) model. The transverse momentum ($p_\mathrm{T}$) dependence of identified hadron $v_2$ in different centrality intervals (0-10%, 10-40%, and 40-80%) are shown. A clear centrality dependence of $v_2(p_\mathrm{T})$ is observed for particles at $E_{lab} = $ 25 and 11 A GeV, while the centrality dependence becomes weaker for particles at $E_{lab} = $ 8 and 6.7 A GeV. Within the PHSD model, the number of constituent quark (NCQ) scaling of $v_2$ approximately follows in Au+Au collisions at all beam energies. A collision energy ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}$) dependence of $\pi$, $K$, and $p$ $v_2$ is studied in comparison with available published experimental data in the beam energy range of 6-25 A GeV. These predictions will help in interpreting the data from the forthcoming Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) and Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD) at the Nuclotron-based Ion Collider facility (NICA).