Fluid-Antenna Enhanced Integrated Sensing and Communication: Joint Antenna Positioning and Beamforming Design

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel fluid antenna system for integrated sensing and communication, optimizing antenna positioning and beamforming to enhance radar SNR, using advanced algorithms for non-convex problem solving.

Contribution

It introduces a joint optimization framework for fluid antenna positioning and beamforming in ISAC systems, with efficient algorithms for complex non-convex problems.

Findings

Algorithms converge effectively and improve radar SNR.

Fluid antennas enhance both sensing and communication performance.

Proposed methods outperform baseline approaches.

Abstract

This paper investigates a fluid antenna (FA) enhanced integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system consisting of a base station (BS), multiple single-antenna communication users, and one point target, where the BS is equipped with FAs to enhance both the communication and sensing performance. First, we formulate a problem that maximizes the radar signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by jointly optimizing the FAs' positions and transmit beamforming matrix. Then, to tackle this highly non-convex problem, we present efficient algorithms by using alternating optimization (AO), successive convex approximation (SCA), and semi-definite relaxation (SDR). Numerical results demonstrate the convergence behavior and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.