Optical wavefront shaping in deep tissue using photoacoustic feedback

TL;DR

This paper reviews the use of photoacoustic feedback for optical wavefront shaping in deep tissue, providing theoretical insights, experimental guidance, and equipment recommendations to advance biomedical imaging and therapy.

Contribution

It offers a comprehensive overview and practical guidance on using photoacoustic signals for wavefront shaping in deep biological tissues, including theoretical models and experimental setup instructions.

Findings

Estimation of key experimental parameters through simulations

Detailed experimental design and setup instructions

Guidance on equipment selection for biomedical applications

Abstract

Over the past decade, optical wavefront shaping has been developed to focus light through highly opaque scattering layers, opening new possibilities for biomedical applications. To probe light intensity deep inside soft scattering media such as biological tissues, internal guide-stars are required. Here, we give an overview of the main principles and describe in depth the use of a photoacoustic feedback signal for this purpose. We further present first principles calculations and simulations to estimate important experimental parameters, and detailed instructions on designing and conducting these experiments. Finally, we provide guidance towards selecting suitable equipment for building a typical experimental setup, paving the way for further innovative biomedical imaging and therapy applications.