A Modern Look at the Oscillation Physics Case for a Neutrino Factory

TL;DR

This paper evaluates the potential of a neutrino factory to enhance the precision of neutrino oscillation measurements, comparing its capabilities with upcoming experiments like DUNE and Hyper-Kamiokande.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive analysis of a neutrino factory's design, sensitivity, and advantages over current and planned experiments for neutrino oscillation studies.

Findings

Neutrino factory offers improved sensitivity to oscillation parameters.

Optimal beam configurations enhance measurement precision.

Systematic uncertainties significantly impact experimental sensitivity.

Abstract

The next generation of neutrino oscillation experiments, JUNO, DUNE, and HK, are under construction now and will collect data over the next decade and beyond. As there are no approved plans to follow up this program with more advanced neutrino oscillation experiments, we consider here one option that had gained considerable interest more than a decade ago: a neutrino factory. Such an experiment uses stored muons in a racetrack configuration with extremely well characterized decays reducing systematic uncertainties and providing for more oscillation channels. Such a machine could also be one step towards a high energy muon collider program. We consider a long-baseline configuration to SURF using the DUNE far detectors or modifications thereof, and compare the expected sensitivities of the three-flavor oscillation parameters to the anticipated results from DUNE and HK. We show optimal beam configurations, the impact of charge identification, the role of statistics and systematics, and the expected precision to the relevant standard oscillation parameters in different DUNE vs.~neutrino factory configurations.