Linear-Time MaxCut in Multigraphs Parameterized Above the Poljak-Turz\'ik Bound

TL;DR

This paper presents a linear-time fixed-parameter tractable algorithm for MaxCut in multigraphs, parameterized above the Poljak-Turzík bound, extending previous results from simple graphs and using a different, potentially tighter bound.

Contribution

The authors extend existing FPT algorithms for MaxCut to multigraphs and introduce a new parameter based on the Poljak-Turzík bound, improving applicability and bounds.

Findings

Algorithm runs in f(k)·O(m+n) time.

Extends MaxCut FPT algorithms to multigraphs.

Uses Poljak-Turzík bound for parameterization.

Abstract

MaxCut is a classical NP-complete problem and a crucial building block in many combinatorial algorithms. The famous Edwards-Erd\H{o}s bound states that any connected graph on n vertices with m edges contains a cut of size at least $m/2 + (n-1)/4$. Crowston, Jones and Mnich [Algorithmica, 2015] showed that the MaxCut problem on simple connected graphs admits an FPT algorithm, where the parameter k is the difference between the desired cut size c and the lower bound given by the Edwards-Erd\H{o}s bound. This was later improved by Etscheid and Mnich [Algorithmica, 2017] to run in parameterized linear time, i.e., $f(k)\cdot O(m)$. We improve upon this result in two ways: Firstly, we extend the algorithm to work also for multigraphs (alternatively, graphs with positive integer weights). Secondly, we change the parameter; instead of the difference to the Edwards-Erd\H{o}s bound, we use the difference to the Poljak-Turz\'ik bound. The Poljak-Turz\'ik bound states that any weighted graph G has a cut of size at least $w(G)/2 + w_{MSF}(G)/4$, where w(G) denotes the total weight of G, and $w_{MSF}(G)$ denotes the weight of its minimum spanning forest. In connected simple graphs the two bounds are equivalent, but for multigraphs the Poljak-Turz\'ik bound can be larger and thus yield a smaller parameter k. Our algorithm also runs in parameterized linear time, i.e., $f(k)\cdot O(m+n)$.