Distinct charge and spin recovery dynamics in a photo-excited Mott insulator

TL;DR

This paper investigates the different timescales of charge and spin recovery in a photo-excited Mott insulator, revealing that these differences are intrinsic to charge dynamics and order reconstruction, not just dimensional effects.

Contribution

The study introduces a combined mean field and Langevin dynamics approach to distinguish charge and magnetic order recovery timescales in a correlated system.

Findings

Charge dynamics occur on a short, fluence-independent timescale.

Magnetic order recovery involves domain growth and is fluence-dependent.

The intrinsic origin of timescale differences is demonstrated beyond dimensional effects.

Abstract

Pump-probe response of the spin-orbit coupled Mott insulator Sr$_2$IrO$_4$ reveals a rapid creation of low energy optical weight and suppression of three dimensional magnetic order on laser pumping. Post pump there is a quick reduction of the optical weight but a very slow recovery of the magnetic order - the difference is attributed to weak inter-layer exchange in Sr$_2$IrO$_4$ delaying the recovery of three dimensional magnetic order. We demonstrate that the effect has a very different and more fundamental origin. Combining spatio-temporal mean field dynamics and Langevin dynamics on the photoexcited Mott-Hubbard insulator we show that the timescale difference is not a dimensional effect but is intrinsic to charge dynamics versus order reconstruction in a correlated system. In two dimensions itself we obtain a short, almost pump fluence independent, timescale for charge dynamics while recovery time of magnetic order involves domain growth and increases rapidly with fluence. Apart from resolving the iridate Mott problem our approach can be used to analyse phase competition and spatial ordering in superconductors and charge ordered systems out of equilibrium.