Spin Injection Route to Magnon Berry Curvature Dipole

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel method using spin injection and temperature gradients to detect Berry curvature dipole effects in magnons, enabling easier experimental observation of magnon Hall responses.

Contribution

It introduces a new approach to access magnon Berry curvature dipole effects via spin injection, revealing linear and non-linear Hall responses linked to distinct moments of the BCD distribution.

Findings

Derived expressions for magnon Hall response with thermal gradient and spin injection.

Predicted observable BCD-induced magnon Hall effects in various magnetic lattice models.

Identified two distinct contributions to the magnon Hall response related to BCD moments.

Abstract

Berry curvature of Bloch bands arising in lattice systems can induce a Hall response even in the absence of topology due to the so-called Berry-curvature dipole (BCD). Such a response is universal and, in principle, should occur as a thermal-Hall effect in magnon systems under the application of a temperature gradient. However, this effect intrinsically appears as a non-linear (second-order) response to the temperature gradient making experimental detection difficult. Here, we propose an alternate route to access BCD in magnons. By utilizing the process of spin-injection in conjunction with a temperature gradient, we uncover two previously unreported contributions to the BCD-induced Hall response for magnons -- one that is linear in temperature gradient, and the other is non-linear in the magnon-chemical potential gradient arising from spin injection. As an added benefit of our approach, both these responses extract distinct moments of the genuine BCD distribution over the magnon bands, as opposed to the recently reported extended BCD in magnons. We use Boltzmann transport theory to derive the expression for the magnon-Hall response in the presence of a thermal gradient and spin injection. Furthermore, using this expression, we offer predictions for the BCD-induced magnon-Hall effect to be observed in experiments for ferro, anti-ferro and ferri magnetically-ordered models on various lattices, including the honeycomb lattice, the kagome lattice, and the dice lattice.