Topological phases, van Hove singularities, and spin texture in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene in the presence of proximity-induced spin-orbit couplings

TL;DR

This paper explores how proximity-induced spin-orbit couplings influence the topological phases, van Hove singularities, and spin textures in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene, revealing new topological flat bands and tunable spin textures.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed topological phase diagram of MATBG with SOCs, showing how SOC strength and electric fields can control topological phases and spin textures.

Findings

Topological flat bands are achievable with accessible SOC strengths near the magic angle.

Van Hove singularities split and are significantly affected by SOC.

Skyrmion-like spin textures are observed and tunable via SOCs and electric fields.

Abstract

We investigate magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) with proximity-induced Ising and Rashba spin-orbit couplings (SOC) in the top layer, as recently achieved experimentally. Utilizing the Bistritzer-MacDonald model with SOCs, we reveal a rich single-particle topological phase diagram featuring topological flat bands across different twist angles and interlayer hopping energies. The evolution of Dirac cones and Chern numbers is examined to understand the topological phase transitions. We find that all phases can be achieved with an experimentally accessible SOC strength ($\sim$1 meV) in systems with angles very close to the magic angle. Furthermore, the van Hove singularity for each topological flat band splits in the presence of SOC, significantly altering the electronic properties. Additionally, we investigate the spin textures of each band in momentum space, discovering a skyrmion-like spin texture in the center of the moir\'e Brillouin zone, which is correlated with the topological phase transitions and can be tuned via the SOCs and an out-of-plane electric field. Our findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the topological flat bands, establishing a foundation for grasping the intrinsic and rich roles of SOCs in MATBG.