Detection, sky localization and early warning for binary neutron star mergers by detectors located in China of different configurations in third generation detector network

TL;DR

This study evaluates how adding a Chinese detector to the third-generation gravitational wave network improves detection, localization, and early warning capabilities for binary neutron star mergers.

Contribution

It demonstrates that a Chinese detector significantly enhances detection rates and localization accuracy in the ET-CE network, especially for early warnings.

Findings

Adding a Chinese detector increases BNS detection by at least 4.4%.

Localization uncertainty is reduced by over 5 times.

Up to 89% of BNS mergers can be localized within 10 sq. degrees 10 minutes before merger.

Abstract

This work shows the results of an evaluation of the impact that a detector located in China, with a noise budget comparable to that of a proposed high-frequency detector with a 20 km arm length, an Einstein Telescope (ET) or a Cosmic Explorer (CE), could have on the network of ET-CE in terms of detection rate, localization, and providing early warning alert for simulated binary neutron star (BNS)s. The results indicate that a three-detector network including a Chinese detector could identify at least 4.4% more BNS mergers than an ET-CE network alone. The localization uncertainty could be reduced by a factor of more than 5 on average compared to the ET-CE network. With a three-detector network involving a Chinese detector, up to 89% of BNS mergers could be located within 10 square degrees of the sky 10 minutes prior to the merger. The assessment suggests that the potential for early warning signals is highest when the Chinese detector is similar to ET, whereas the sources are detected with the highest signal-to-noise ratio and localized to the smallest regions when the detector is more akin to CE. Interestingly, the C20N network (comprising ET+CE+C20) can achieve comparable localization performance as the ET network while outperforming the ETCN network (featuring the ET+CE+ an ET-like detector in China) in terms of detection capabilities, especially at large distances, indicating that adding a 20 km kilohertz detector in China to ET-CE network would make significant contributions at least as adding an ET-like detector in China to multi-messenger astronomy for almost all BNS observations.