Realizing a spatially correlated lattice interferometer

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a novel spatially correlated lattice interferometer using a Ramsey-Bordé setup with Bose-Einstein condensates, enabling exploration of long-range coherence and multiple interference peaks for high-precision measurements.

Contribution

It introduces a new interferometry method with a moving optical lattice that explores spatial correlations and long-range coherence in ultracold atoms.

Findings

Observation of multiple interference peaks due to long-range coherence.

Agreement of experimental results with theoretical simulations.

Potential for high-precision measurements using the developed interferometer.

Abstract

Atom interferometers provide a powerful tool for measuring physical constants and testifying fundamental physics with unprecedented precision. Conventional atom interferometry focuses on the phase difference between two paths and utilizes matter waves with fixed coherence. Here, we report on realizing a Ramsey-Bord\'e interferometer of coherent matter waves dressed by a moving optical lattice in the gravity direction, and explore the resulting interference along multiple paths with tunable coherence. We investigate spatial correlations of atoms both within the lattice and between two arms by interferometry, and observe the emerging multiple interference peaks owing to the long-range coherence nature of the Bose-Einstein condensate. Our findings agree well with theoretical simulations, paving the way for high-precision interferometry with ultracold atoms.