Evidence for Three-$\alpha$ Breathing Modes Uncovered by Control Neural Network

TL;DR

This paper presents a novel Control Neural Network method that uncovers evidence of exotic breathing modes in the 3-alpha resonant states of carbon-12, providing a precise microscopic description and connecting experimental observations to these quantum states.

Contribution

Introduction of a new Control Neural Network approach that simplifies calculations and reveals exotic breathing modes in $^{12}$C, advancing nuclear many-body problem solutions.

Findings

Identification of two new breathing states in $^{12}$C

Most precise microscopic description of $^{12}$C energy spectrum to date

Strong evidence linking experimental data to breathing modes

Abstract

This work introduces a new Control Neural Network (Ctrl.NN) method to uncover evidence of exotic quantum state, \textit{i.e.}, the breathing modes in 3-$\alpha$ resonant states of $^{12}$C nucleus. We provide the most precise microscopic description to date for the $^{12}$C energy spectrum, identify two new exotic breathing states, and uncover strong evidence that directly connects the recent experimental observations to the breathing modes. The Ctrl.NN method significantly simplifies numerical calculations of quantum systems under multiple constraints and offers a new perspective for solving the nuclear many-body problem.